The Prevalence of Sperm Anomalies in Seminal Fluid of Males in Nigeria- A Retrospective Study
Author(s):
Odey VE, Mohammed MB, McNeiL RT, Ekwere OE, Wazhi MA, Edeh CN, Nyango PB, Tangban CN, Petkova .M, Karic V and Naidoo .V
Background: Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after a year or more of regular unprotected sex. The infertility in some parts of African continent exposes women to stigmatization, causing emotional stress and straining marital relationships. Growing awareness of male infertility in African continent is leading to more men getting screened, making local data on this issue available across various regions. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and types of sperm defects in the seminal fluid among males seeking infertility screening at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria.
Methods: This study is a retrospective study and seminal fluid analysis record, patient files were selected by simple random sampling technique from 2013 to 2023 at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria.
Results: The current study has analyzed 440 male patient files with semen samples and recorded that 38.60% of male partners had abnormal sperm results at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria. The most common abnormalities were oligoasthenoteratozoospermia and oligoasthenozoospermia. In addition, a primary infertility in male patients were prevalent (74%) than secondary infertility (26%). The civil servants made up the largest occupation group in this study with 34.80% patients.
Conclusion: This study concludes that sperm anomalies are common among male patients presenting for infertility screening. The findings of the current study highlight the need for future comprehensive evaluation and management of male infertility at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria and Nigeria as a country.